Paper making apparatus



March 1, 1932; H. L. BROOKS ET AL PAPER M'AKING APPARATUS Filed July 10, 1926- Patented Mar. 1, 1932 f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HARRY I. BROOKS AND THOMAS OFLYNN, OF MIDDLETOWN', OHIO, .ASSIGNORS TO THE BLACK-CLAWSON COMPANY; OF

HAMILTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO PAPER MAKING APPARATUS Application filed July. 10,

This invention relates to paper-making apparatus and more particularly to paper-making apparatus of the type in which the paper is pressed or compressed after it is formed, primarily for the purposeof removing excess liquid matter therefrom.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide improved apparatus forremoving water from newly formed paper.

Another object is to provide means for increasing the life of endless felts employed in paper-making machinery and to maintain the desired quality and characteristics of such endless felts.

Other and further objects ofthe invention will appear from the'following description taken inconnection withthe accompanying drawings in which, i

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of part of a paper-making machine constructed in accordance with the present invention, the part illustrated being a press part; and t v Fig, 2 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig.1 illustrating a modified form of the invention. I v

Paper-making machinery commonly comprises a paper-forming part, which may be the well-known cylinder machine or of the Fourdrinier type, for receiving paper stock and forming such stock into a continuous sheet or web of paper. From the delivery end of such paper-forming. part or machine the paper passes to what isknown as a press part or machine which compresses'the newly [formed paper to squeeze out surplus water,

and the like.

Press parts as} heretofore constructed consist of a pair' of superposed press rolls, through the nip of which there passes an endless felt which receives the newly formed paper from the paper-making part and carries it through or rather between the press rolls where the paper iscompressed. The endless felt is of considerable length and is carried by suitable guide rolls which hold the felt under suitable tension and keep it flat.

' The endless felt is driven-frombne of the press rolls which alsoserves as a driving roll, the driving surface between the endless felt and driving roll being the line of contact at Y therein and interferes 1926. Serial No. 121,674..

the nip of the press rolls where the felt passes between them, Owing to the fact that there is but a line contact between the lower press or driving roll and the felt, it is necessary that the felt be placed under sufficient pressure at the nip of the press rolls to secure sufficient friction for driving. With this arrangement there is considerable slippage between the felt and the lower press roll causing the a 7 the interstices formed by the fibers in a way that facilitates the imbedding of dirt and grit with the washing or cleaning of the felt. These andother disadvantages growing out of the long existent parts as heretofore constructed greatly limit the life of the felts and interfere with the quality of paper received therefrom.

The'present invention contemplates such improvement in'the method of driving the endless felt and in the construction and ar- Referring to Fig. 1' of the drawings, 20 denotes an endless felt which is adapted-to receive a sheet or web of newly formedpaper 21 at the front or receiving end of the machine and to carry said paper through the nip 22 of the press rolls 23 and 24 respectively, the press roll 24 being preferably also a driving roll. The felt 20 passes over a guide roll 25 methods of driving the endless felts of press before it passes through the press rolls, and d after it has passed through the press rolls it passes over a guide r0ll 26 which, like the guide roll25 is positioned in'front of or forwardly from the press rolls. The line of approach of the'feltis indicated by that portion of the felt designated27, and the line of'deso i of aconduit illustrated at 42.

parture of the felt from the press roll is designated by that portion numbered 28.

After passing over the guide roll 26, the endless felt 20 passes rearwardly over guide rolls 30, 31 and 32 to a stretcher which stretches-the endless felt and serves to maintain the same taut. The form of stretcher and its construction is not material to the present invention and is therefore not illustrated. From the stretcher the felt passesforwardly over guide rolls 33, 3f, 35 and-36, the guide roll 36 being, in the form of press part here illustrated, at the extreme forward or receiving end thereof.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that the endless felt engages the circumferential surface oft'he driving and press roll 24 over a substantial driving arc of its circumference, the engagement in the form of pressipart illustrated extending from the nip 22 through approximately 230 degrees to the point of departure at'37 ofthe felt from the press roll '24:. The felt thus having a large surfac'eis frictional engagement with the surface of the driving press roll24, there is less slipp ageand wear upon the felt than when the felt simply has a line contact with the driving roll at the nip 22 and the driving of'the felt is distributed over an area of the felt of substantial proportions, thus largely relieving the felt of destructive internal strains. The present invention has resulted in increasing the life of the felt several times beyond what was heretofore thought'tob'e the limit of life of such a felt, thuseffecting a great saving in the upvantage that the solid matter which isin the liquor that is pressed from the paper, and the foreign matter which comes upon the felt, is not pressed or ground or locked in the interstices of the felt, and the cleaning of the felt may'thus be done less frequently than heretofore and with greater. ease. The felt retains its original desirable porosity and openness of texture, and result in abetter quality of paper. i

In the angle between the line of approach of the felt and the line of departure of the felt from the press roll et, there is disposed suitable means for collecting and carryingoif the liquor which flows downwardly from the nip 22 in a'direction opposite to the direction of rotation of-the lower press roll. Such means for collecting the liquor may comprise a trough 40 having a flexible or other suitable form of doctor 41 bearing upon the surface of the lowerpress roll and adapted to intercept the liquor flowing downwardly thereon. The liquor collected by the trough 40 may be carried ofl in any suitable manner as by means r Owing to the fact that the felt 2O departs from the press roll 24; in a forward direction, means isprovided for taking the paper from the felt before the felt, leaves the surface of the press roll, and the next succeeding part of the paper-making machine is preferably extended forwardly to a point not too far removed from the press rolls so as to receive the paper 21 as it comes from the felt 20. The next succeeding part of the paper-making machine is herein illustrated as'a second press part having an endless felt which passesforwardly over guide rolls 51, 52, and 53, thence passing rearwardly over guide'roll 54.. The guide roll 53 is disposednear the press rolls 23 and 24, and thus carries the felt 50 of the second press part to a point near the press rolls to take the paper therefrom and to carry it to the next succeeding set of press rolls. It will be observed that-the second felt 5O overlies part of the felt 20 of thefirst press part.

In Figi 2 there is illustrated amodified form of liquor-collecting means. In this form ofthe invention there is a roll having" a surface. of rubber or other flexible material which rolls against'the surface of the press roll 24 so as to intercept any liquor flowing downwardly from the nip 22 causing the in: order to maintain suflicient compression between the roll 60 and the press roll 2'4- there may be provided a pressure roll 62 which is also carried in the "slide bearing 61 and the weight of which is adapted to press the roll 60 against the pressure roll 24. keeper the'machine. It has the further adsame to flow towards the ends of thepress roll While the forms of apparatus herein described constitute'preferred embodiments of "of apparatus, and thatchanges may be made.

therein without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims. I

What is claimed is: '7 I 1. Papenmaking apparatus of the character described comprising a positively driven press roll,an endless felt having engagement with thesurface of said roll over a substantial arc of its circumference and'adapted to be driven thereby, the felt approachingthe press roll from the front and also departing therefrom towards the front, guide rolls engaging said departing felt and thereafter carrying it to the rear side of said press roll, and additional guide rolls for then leading said feltforwardly and'to the front of said pre'ssroll to pass again in engagement with said-press roll. f V V 2. Paper-making apparatus of the character described comprising a driving press roll, an endless felt having engagement with the surface of said rollover asubstantial arc of its .circu'mferenceandadapted to be driventhereby, the felt approaching the driving press roll from the front and also de-Q parting therefrom towards the front, guide rolls engaging said departing felt and thereafter carrying it to the rear side of said press roll, and means for taking the paper from said felt before said felt has departed from the surface of said driving press roll, said means comprising a felt overlying the rearl vzltrdly carried part of said first-mentioned e t. V

3. Paper-making apparatus of the character described comprising an upper press roll, a lower press roll, and a doctor C0l11pIlS-' ing roller means in direct frictional engagement with the surface of said lower press roll and driven thereby for removing the liquor running down the surface thereof from the nip of said press rolls.

In paper-making apparatus of the character described, comprising a paperrnakers felt of substantial length for conveying a wet web from a previous paper-making part, and having a plurality of guide rolls tensioning means for said felt; a wet press including upper and lower press rolls having imperforate cooperating surfaces and adapt- 'ed to exert heavy pressure at the nip thereof, said lower press roll being positively driven, said felt passing from the front through the nip of said press rolls and having direct engagement with the surface of said positively driven lower press roll over an arc of its circumference of substantially 180 or more and adapted to be driven thereby to eliminate objectionable slippage between said felt and said lower driving press roll, said felt serving to convey on its upper surface the wet web formed at a previous paper-making press rolls to the rear thereof, the felt then returning around the surface of said lower press roll to the front side thereof, and a second felt positioned closely adjacent the rear of said press rolls and felt for receiving the pressed web from said first 'inentioned'felt shortly after the web has passed through the nip of said press rolls and before the corresponding portion of said first mentioned felt has departed from the surface of said lower driving press roll. 7

5. Paper-making apparatus of the character described, comprising a wet press including upper and lower press rolls adapted to exert heavy pressure at the nip thereof, said lower press roll being positively driven, a paperniakers felt for conveying'a wet web from a previous paper-making part, a guide roll on the front side of ing said felt into' the nip of said press rolls from the front thereof, from the nip around said positively driven lower press roll in direct engagementthere and a part through the nip of said said felt passing from the surface of said positively driven press roll, additional guidacter described, comprising a paperma-kers felt of substantial length for conveying a wet web from a previous paper making part, and a wet press including upper and lower press rolls adapted to exert heavy pressure at the nip thereof, said lower press roll'being positively driven; a guide rollon the front side of said press rolls for directing said felt from thefront side of said press rolls through the nip thereof, a guide roll also on the front side of said press rolls for receiving and directing the said felt as it departs from the surface of said lower press roll on the front side thereof, said felt having direct engagement with the surface of said positively driven lower press roll over an arc of its circumference of substantially 180 or more and adapted to be driven thereby to eliminate objectionable slippage between said felt and said lower driving press roll, said felt serving to convey on its upper surface the wet web formed at a previous paper making part through the nip of said press rolls to the rear thereof, the pressed web then being removed from the felt which passes around the surface of said lower press roll and departs therefrom toward the front to be received by said second signatures.

HARRY L. BROOKS. THOMAS O FLYNN.

said press for leadsaid felt then passing with over an arc of the circumference of said or more and adapta second guide roll press for receiving 

